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Soviet and foreign cameras with examples of photos

Camera (from Greek: φωτός - light + from Latin: apparatus - preparation, device) = photographic apparatus: an optical system designed to obtain static images of objects being photographed on a photosensitive layer of photographic film, photographic plate or other photographic material, as well as on light-sensitive elements of various electronic devices (see, for example: matrix).

soviet cameras

Cameras of the USSR

  • Soviet cameras as an industry for the mass consumer, appeared between the First and Second World Wars, when they began to copy the German Lake II camera, an extremely popular camera of that time. In the Soviet Union, factories producing equipment for photographing were often engaged in the production of dual-use equipment, and after the deliberate collapse of the Union by the nomenclature with the involvement of Western intelligence services, the production of photographic equipment was curtailed by 2005, one might say, completely. Factories such as KMZ, GOMZ (GOZ, TOMP, VTOMP, VOOMP), Arsenal, VOMZ, FED, BELOMO, MMZ, Vileika plant "Zenith", LOMO, Plant "Jupiter", Valdai, LZOS, KOMZ, abandoned the production of photographic equipment in favor of the State Defense Order. For 2022, KMZ continues to produce optics for the Lomography community, as well as interchangeable lenses with manual focus. Small scale production.
  • The smallest Soviet camera - Vega-2 and Kiev-30. 
  • The oldest Soviet enterprise that produced photographic products - LOMO
  • The oldest Soviet optical institute - GOI them. Vavilov.
  • The most massive cameras in the USSR are Smena-8M, Zenit.

Camera families

By model

Agate

Vega

Vilia

Voskhod

Horizon

Zorki

Zenit

Iskra

Kiev

Leningrad

LOMO

Amateur

Moscow

Orion

Start

Smena

Sokol (Falcon)

Satellite (Sputnik)

FED

Photosniper

Chaika

Elikon

Etude

By manufacturer

Krasnogorsk Mechanical Plant

Leningrad State Optical and Mechanical Plant (GOMZ, LOMO)

Kharkov plant "FED"

Kiev plant "Arsenal"

Minsk Mechanical Plant (MMZ)

Scientific Research Technological Institute of Optical Instrumentation in Minsk (NITIOP)

Vileika Mechanical Plant "Zenith"

Foreign cameras

Canon digital

  1. Canon (manufacturer)
  2. About Magic Lantern for Canon in Russian
  3. EOS-R3
  4. EOS5DS(R)
  5. EOS-1Ds
  6. EOS 6D
  7. EOS 7D
  8. EOS 7D Mark II
  9. EOS 70D
  10. EOS 60D
  11. EOS 600D
  12. EOS 550D
  13. EOS 500D
  14. EOS 400D
  15. EOS 300D
  16. EOS 1000D
  17. EOS 1100D
  18. EOS 1300D
  19. EOS 4000D

Canon film

  1. EOS-1N
  2. EOS-620
  3. EOS Kiss (500)
  4. EOS New Kiss (500N)
  5. EOS Kiss III (300)
  6. EOS 1000QD (1000F)
  7. EOS 5000QD
  8. EOS 10QD (10S)
  9. EOS-5
  10. EOS-700
  11. EOS 750QD
  12. EOS 30/33/Elan 7
  13. EOS-30
  14. EOS-300
  15. EOS 300v
  16. EOS 3000v
  17. EOS 3000N
  18. Autoboy 120
  19. Canon A-1
  20. canon f1
  21. canon ftb
  22. Canon prima BF-800
  23. Canon prima super 115u
  24. canon prima zoom 85N
  25. Canon AV-1 (1979)
  26. Canon AL-1
  27. Canon EX
  28. Canon FX
  29. Canon Flex R2000
  30. Canon FlexRP
  31. Canon Flex RM
  32. Canon Flex
  33. Canonet Junior
  34. Canon Demi
  35. canonet
  36. Canon 7
  37. Canon P
  38. Canon VI L
  39. Canon VI T
  40. Canon VL2
  41. Canon VL
  42. Canon L3
  43. Canon L1
  44. Canon VT Deluxe
  45. Canon L2
  46. Canon VT
  47. Canon II F2
  48. Canon II D2
  49. Canon II S2
  50. Canon II Sb2
  51. Canon II S
  52. Canon II F
  53. Canon II AX
  54. Canon II AF
  55. Canon IV Sb
  56. Canon III
  57. Canon II A
  58. Canon IV S
  59. Canon IIIA
  60. Canon IV
  61. Canon III
  62. Canon IIC
  63. Canon IIB
  64. Canon S II
  65. Canon SI
  66. Canon S for Japanese Navy (WWII)
  67. Canon J II
  68. Canon JS
  69. Canon NS
  70. Canon J
  71. Canon S
  72. Hansa Canon
  73. kwanon

AGFA

Brown

Chinon

Sure

Fuji

Linhof

Exacta

Contax

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Contax d
  3. Contact E
  4. Contax F
  5. Contax S
  6. Contica
  7. Super d
  8. Console
  9. Hexacon
  10. Astra 35FX
  11. Corbina
  12. Rival Reflex 35 MX

Leica AG

Mamiya

Mentor

minolta

Nikon

Olympus

Polaroid

Hasselblad

Hanimex

  1. Hanimex (reseller)
  2. Hanimex Praktica LTL
  3. Hanimex Praktica Super TL
  4. Hanimex Praktica NOVA IB
  5. Hanimex Praktica LB
  6. Hanimex Praktica L
  7. Hanimex Pro L
  8. Hanimex Pro TL
  9. Hanimex Praktica TL
  10. Hanimex Praktica NOVA I
  11. Hanimex Praktica mat
  12. Hanimex Praktica 66

Practina

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
  3. Praktina cameras
  4. Praktina FX cameras
  5. Praktina FX - first generation
  6. Praktina FX - second generation
  7. Praktina FX - third generation
  8. Praktina FX - fourth generation
  9. Praktina FX - fifth generation
  10. Praktina IIA - sixth generation
  11. Practina IIA - seventh generation
  12. Practina after 1960
  13. Corbina, Hexacon Supreme, Porst reflex, Texographie T2
  14. CORBINA
  15. HEXACON SUPREME
  16. Texographie T2
  17. Practice N, prototype
  18. Pentacon Super - heir to Praktina
  19. Prices for Practina
  20. Booklets

Praktiflex

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
  3. Praktiflex camera review (2 generation 15 model)
  4. Praktiflex Camera Series
  5. Praktiflex 3 A
  6. Praktiflex 3B
  7. Praktiflex 4
  8. Praktiflex 5b
  9. Praktiflex 5 brown finish
  10. Praktiflex 6 gray-black with shoe
  11. Praktiflex 8
  12. Praktiflex 8 military
  13. Praktiflex 9
  14. Praktiflex 10 black
  15. Praktiflex 12
  16. Praktiflex 15
  17. Praktiflex 15 chrome
  18. Praktiflex 15 with flash
  19. Praktiflex 16
  20. Praktiflex 16 24 × 28

Practicix

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Practisix Camera Series
  3. Praktisix
  4. Practice II

Praktica

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
  3. Praktica Camera Series
  4. Praktica MTL 5B
  5. Praktica LTL 3
  6. Praktica LTL
  7. Praktica L
  8. Praktica FX2
  9. Practice I
  10. Praktica vlc
  11. Praktica Super TL
  12. Praktica 140AF ZOOM

Pentacon

  1. Pentacon (manufacturer)
  2. Pentacon super
  3. Pentacon six tl
  4. Pentacon f
  5. Pentacon FM
  6. Pentacon FB
  7. Pentacon FBM
  8. Pentacon e
  9. Pentacon (Contax D)

Pentax

Panasonic

Polaroid

Porsche

Revue

Ricoh

Rollei

Samsung

SEAGULL

Sony

Sanyo

Yashika

Voigtlander

Zeiss Icon

Other

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Photography Courses:

Briefly about cameras

  • CAMERA (camera), is a device for taking photographic pictures, the basis of which is an opaque housing containing photographic film. When gate opens (usually for a short time), the light from the outside is focused by a lens system on the film. The amount of light falling on the film is controlled by the speed of movement shutter and opening diameter lens, which can also be adjusted with the adjustable IRIS. Most cameras also have a rangefinder, which allows you to focus the image at a given distance to the subject, and a built-in exposure meter, which allows you to determine the correct combination of response speed. shutter and the opening of the aperture in the available lighting. In cameras connected to a computer, these functions (selection of the optimal combination of shutter speed and aperture opening) are automated. Recently, digital cameras have appeared in which a memory device “records” a photograph, after which it can be entered into a computer and printed.
  • A digital camera (digital camera) takes photographs like a conventional camera, but records the image on an internal storage device or on a card, so that it can be easily entered into a computer, where it is processed if necessary, and then printed. Instead of film, a chip card with flash memory is inserted into the camera. Light falling on the silicon atoms on the surface of the card knocks out electrons, which are attracted to the positive electrode. Periodically, the level of charge of electrons is measured in vertical columns and horizontal lines, from which the image is formed, and the pixels of the residual charge are removed.
  • By its purpose cameras divided into general purpose (or universal) and special. The former are often very conditionally and vaguely divided into "amateur" and so-called. "professional" and are used for portrait, group, landscape photography, etc.
  • Special cameras are designed for photographic work - aerial photography, microphotography, photo recording, etc. and for obtaining special types of photographs - panoramic, stereoscopic and others. Or having special devices, for example: a butt, which makes it more convenient to shoot wild animals (photo hunting), etc.
  • Cameras are divided according to the format of the resulting image (medium format, small format, etc.), by the method of aiming and focusing (scale, rangefinder, mirror, etc.), by the photographic material or photodetector used (film, plate, with in-camera processing, digital and etc.).

Interesting, but not accurate

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