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Camera (from Greek: φωτός - light + from Latin: apparatus - preparation, device) = photographic apparatus: an optical system designed to obtain static images of objects being photographed on a photosensitive layer of photographic film, photographic plate or other photographic material, as well as on light-sensitive elements of various electronic devices (see, for example: matrix).
Foreign cameras
Canon digital
- Canon (manufacturer)
- About Magic Lantern for Canon in Russian
- EOS-R3
- EOS5DS(R)
- EOS-1Ds
- EOS 6D
- EOS 7D
- EOS 7D Mark II
- EOS 70D
- EOS 60D
- EOS 600D
- EOS 550D
- EOS 500D
- EOS 400D
- EOS 300D
- EOS 1000D
- EOS 1100D
- EOS 1300D
- EOS 4000D
Canon film
- EOS-1N
- EOS-620
- EOS Kiss (500)
- EOS New Kiss (500N)
- EOS Kiss III (300)
- EOS 1000QD (1000F)
- EOS 5000QD
- EOS 10QD (10S)
- EOS-5
- EOS-700
- EOS 750QD
- EOS 30/33/Elan 7
- EOS-30
- EOS-300
- EOS 300v
- EOS 3000v
- EOS 3000N
- Autoboy 120
- canon f1
- canon ftb
- Canon prima BF-800
- Canon prima super 115u
- canon prima zoom 85N
- Canon AV-1 (1979)
- Canon AL-1
- Canon EX
- Canon FX
- Canon Flex R2000
- Canon FlexRP
- Canon Flex RM
- Canon Flex
- Canonet Junior
- Canon Demi
- canonet
- Canon 7
- Canon P
- Canon VI L
- Canon VI T
- Canon VL2
- Canon VL
- Canon L3
- Canon L1
- Canon VT Deluxe
- Canon L2
- Canon VT
- Canon II F2
- Canon II D2
- Canon II S2
- Canon II Sb2
- Canon II S
- Canon II F
- Canon II AX
- Canon II AF
- Canon IV Sb
- Canon IID
- Canon II A
- Canon IV S
- Canon IIIA
- Canon IV
- Canon III
- Canon IIC
- Canon IIB
- Canon S II
- Canon SI
- Canon S for Japanese Navy (WWII)
- Canon JII
- Canon JS
- Canon NS
- Canon J
- Canon S
- Hansa Canon
- kwanon
Chinon
Fuji
Linhof
Exacta
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Ihagee (manufacturer)
- Exakta history
- 35mm Exakta cameras
- Made in Dresden
- Made in West Germany
- Made in Japan
- Frame size 4 × 6,5 cm
- Frame size 6 × 6 cm
- Kine Exacta
Contax
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Contax d
- Contax E
- Contax F
- Contax S
- Contica
- Super d
- Console
- Hexacon
- Astra 35FX
- Corbina
- Rival Reflex 35 MX
Leica AG
- E.Leitz, Wetzlar (manufacturer)
- Leica history
- Leica I (Leica A)
- Leica Flex
- Leicaflex SL
- Leicaflex SL-2
- Leica M6
- Leica M3
- leica r3
Mamiya
Mentor
- Mentor (manufacturer)
- GOLTZ & BREUTMANN Mentor Nachtreflex
minolta
- minolta (manufacturer)
- Minolta a507si
- Minolta Dynax 300si
- Minolta AL-F
Nikon
- Nikon (manufacturer)
- Nikon S3 2000
- Nikon S3
- Nikon SP limited (Nikon SP 2005)
- Nikon SP
- Nikon S2
- Nikon S
- Nikon M
- Nikon I
- Nikon D5100
- Nikon Coolpix P510
- Nikon Coolpix L120
- Nikon D800
- Nikon EM
- Nikon f4s
- Nikon F5
- Nikon F65
- nikon f100
- Nikon F801S
- Nikon FM
- Nikon FM2
- Nikon FA
Olympus
- Olympus (manufacturer)
- Olympus AF-1 super
- Olympus AZ-100 Zoom
- Olympus OM10
- Olympus OM-1
- Olympus OM-1n
- Olympus OM-2n
- Olympus Superzoom 700BF
- Olympus C-120
- Olympus Evolt E-330
Hasselblad
Hanimex
- Hanimex (reseller)
- Hanimex Praktica LTL
- Hanimex Praktica Super TL
- Hanimex Praktica NOVA IB
- Hanimex Praktica LB
- Hanimex Praktica L
- Hanimex Pro L
- Hanimex Pro TL
- Hanimex Praktica TL
- Hanimex Praktica NOVA I
- Hanimex Praktica mat
- Hanimex Praktica 66
Practina
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
- Praktina cameras
- Praktina FX cameras
- Praktina FX - first generation
- Praktina FX - second generation
- Praktina FX - third generation
- Praktina FX - fourth generation
- Praktina FX - fifth generation
- Praktina IIA - sixth generation
- Practina IIA - seventh generation
- Practina after 1960
- Corbina, Hexacon Supreme, Porst reflex, Texographie T2
- CORBINA
- HEXACON SUPREME
- Texographie T2
- Practice N, prototype
- Pentacon Super - heir to Praktina
- Prices for Practina
- Booklets
Praktiflex
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
- Praktiflex camera review (2 generation 15 model)
- Praktiflex Camera Series
- Praktiflex 3 A
- Praktiflex 3B
- Praktiflex 4
- Praktiflex 5b
- Praktiflex 5 brown finish
- Praktiflex 6 gray-black with shoe
- Praktiflex 8
- Praktiflex 8 military
- Praktiflex 9
- Praktiflex 10 black
- Praktiflex 12
- Praktiflex 15
- Praktiflex 15 chrome
- Praktiflex 15 with flash
- Praktiflex 16
- Praktiflex 16 24 × 28
Practicix
Praktica
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Kamera Werk (manufacturer)
- Praktica Camera Series
- Praktica MTL 5B
- Praktica LTL 3
- Praktica LTL
- Praktica L
- Praktica FX2
- Practice I
- Praktica vlc
- Praktica Super TL
- Praktica 140AF ZOOM
Pentacon
- Pentacon (manufacturer)
- Pentacon super
- Pentacon six tl
- Pentacon f
- Pentacon FM
- Pentacon FB
- Pentacon FBM
- Pentacon e
- Pentacon (Contax D)
Pentax
Panasonic
Polaroid
Porsche
- Porsche (reseller)
- Porsche Compact-Reflex
- PORST reflex
- Porsche reflex CX4
- Porsche Reflex CX6
- Porst fx4
- Porsche Reflex FX3
- Porst fx2
- Porst reflex
Revue
- Quelle (reseller, Revue, Revueflex)
- Revue-3
- Revue-4
- Revue BC2
- Revue ML
- Revueflex TL25
- Revueflex TL1
- Revueflex BL
- Revueflex SL
- REVUE 140AF ZOOM
Ricoh
Rollei
Samsung
Sony
- Sony (manufacturer)
- Sony NEX-5
- Sony NEX-C3
- Sony A7
- Sony A7II
- Sony A7R II
- a6300
Sanyo
Yashika
Voigtlander
- Voigtlander (manufacturer)
- Voigtlander Bessa
Zeiss Icon
Cameras of the USSR
The smallest Soviet camera - Vega-2 and Kiev-30.
Camera families
- "Photocor"
- "Sport"
- "Amateur"
- "Satellite"
- "Smena-GOMZ"
- "Spark"
- "Photon"
- "Zenith"
- "Start"
- "Photosniper"
- "Sharp"
- "Moscow"
- "Horizon"
- "Selena"
- "Falcon"
- "LOMO"
- "Compact-Avtomat"
- "Diamond"
- "FED"
- "Vega"
- "Kiev-35"
- "Kiev-machine"
- "Kiev-17"
- "Firework"
- "Kiev-6S"
- "Spring"
- "Gull"
- "Silhouette"
- "Viliya"
- "Silhouette machine"
- "Elikon"
- "Agate"
By model
Agate
Vega
Vilia
Voskhod
Horizon
Zorki
Zenit
- Crystal
- Zenith-L
- Zenit-S
- Zenit-3M
- Zenit-V
- Zenit-BM
- Zenit-E
- Zenith-EU
- Zenit-EM
- Zenit-11
- Zenith ET
- Zenit-12C
- Zenit-12SD
- Zenit-122 (BelOMO)
- Visit (VIZIT)
- Albar-15 or ALBAR (not to be confused with automatic camera Albar)
- Zenit-21XS
- Zenit-21XSL
- Zenit-12PRO
- Zenith-TTL
- Zenit 122
- Zenit-312M
- Zenit-620
Iskra
Kiev
Leningrad
LOMO
Amateur
Moscow
Orion
Start
Smena
- Smena
- Smena-2
- Smena-3
- Smena-4
- Smena-5
- Smena-6
- Smena-7
- Smena-8
- Smena-9
- Smena-8M
- Smena-18
- Smena-SL
- Smena-35
- Smena-Symbol
Sokol (Falcon)
Satellite (Sputnik)
FED
- FED (factory)
- FED
- FED-General (TSVVS)
- FED-S (FED-NKVD)
- FED-2
- FED-3
- FED-4
- FED-5
- FED-5V
- FED-50
- FED-Mikron
- FED Dawn
- FED-Atlas
Photosniper
Chaika
Elikon
Etude
By manufacturer and family
Photographic equipment of enterprises of the Russian industrial group
Krasnogorsk Mechanical Plant
Family "Sharp"
Group of models without sync contact
Group of models with sync contact
Family "Sharp-automatic"
Family "Moscow"
- Moscow-1
- Moscow-2
- Moscow-2A
- Moscow-3
- Moscow-4
- Moscow-5
Family "Horizon"
Group of models "Horizon"
The Iskra family
Family "Zenith"
Zenit-E-KMZ family
Zenit-19 family
Zenit-TTL family
Family of KMZ soap dishes
Family "Start"
Family "Photosniper"
Leningrad State Optical Mechanical Plant (GOMZ)
Family "Photocor"
- Photocor
Family "Amateur"
Family "Sputnik"
Family "Smena-GOMZ"
The first group of the Smena-GOMZ family
The second group of the Smena-GOMZ family
The fourth group of the Smena-GOMZ family
The fifth group of the Smena-GOMZ family
The sixth group of the Smena-GOMZ family
The eighth group of the Smena-GOMZ family
Voskhod
Leningrad
Family "Falcon"
Family "LOMO-135"
Family "Compact-Avtomat"
Photographic equipment of enterprises of the Ukrainian industrial group
Kharkov plant "FED"
Group of models of the family "FED"
without exposure meter
Group of models of the "FED" family with an exposure meter
FED-Mikron family
FED-Atlas family
- FED-Atlas (FED-11)
Kiev plant "Arsenal"
Group of models of the "Kiev" family without exposure meter
Group of models of the family "Kiev" with an exposure meter
Family "Vega"
Family "Kiev-machine"
Family "Kiev-17"
Family "Kiev-6S"
Photographic equipment of enterprises of the Belarusian industrial group
Minsk Mechanical Plant (MMZ)
Family "Smena-MMZ"
Family "Seagull"
Family "Viliya"
Family "Elikon"
Vileika group of the "Elikon" family
Model line "Elikon-35"
Minsk group of the "Elikon" family
"Relay-Pennant" project
Family "Agate"
Scientific Research Technological Institute of Optical Instrumentation in Minsk (NITIOP)
Vileika Mechanical Plant "Zenith"
Vileika family "Zenith"
Group of models with built-in exposure meter
Group of semi-automatic cameras
- Zenit-15
- Zenit-15M (ALBAR-15)
- Zenit-12ХР
- Zenit-122 (BelOMO)
- Zenit-21XS
- Zenit-21XSL
- Zenit-12PRO
- Zenith-TTL
Other
- FKD
- Beirette SL 300
- Cannonmate AE808
- Premier PC-500
- Rokinon 35EFM
- noblex
- Pentina
- Pentor Super-TL
- Foticon LTL3
- Foticon MTL3
- Jenaflex AM-1
- Jenaflex AC-1
- JCPenney SLR1
- JCPenney SLR2
- Cavalier STL-I
- Cavalier SLR III
- Cavalier SLR II
- Pentaflex SL
- Pentor IB
- Praktica Pentor 2 LTL
- Why China doesn't have its own digital camera
- What can an old camera do today?
- How to remove the film from the Zenith
- How to insert film into Zenith
- How to get a film from a FED
- How to insert a film into a FED
- How to learn to take pictures with any camera
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Photography Courses:
- Self-paced online photography course, Easy level
- Self-paced online photography course, Nightmare level
Briefly about cameras
- A CAMERA is a device for making photographs, the basis of which is a light-tight housing containing a photographic film. When gate opens (usually for a short time), the light from the outside is focused by a lens system on the film. The amount of light falling on the film is controlled by the speed of movement shutter and opening diameter lens, which can also be adjusted with the adjustable IRIS. Most cameras also have a rangefinder, which allows you to focus the image at a given distance to the subject, and a built-in exposure meter, which allows you to determine the correct combination of response speed. shutter and the opening of the aperture in the available lighting. In cameras connected to a computer, these functions (selection of the optimal combination of shutter speed and aperture opening) are automated. Recently, digital cameras have appeared in which a memory device “records” a photograph, after which it can be entered into a computer and printed.
- A digital camera takes photographs like a regular camera, but records an image on an internal storage device or on a card, so that it can be easily entered into a computer, where it is processed, if necessary, and then printed. Instead of a film, a chip card with flash memory is inserted into the camera. Light striking the silicon atoms on the surface of the card knocks out electrons, which are attracted to the positive electrode. Periodically, the level of electron charge is measured in vertical columns and horizontal lines, from which the image is composed, and the pixels of the residual charge are removed.
- By its purpose cameras are subdivided into general purpose (or universal) and special.
The former are often very conditionally and indistinctly divided into "amateur" and so-called. "Professional" and are used for portrait, group, landscape photography, etc. - Special cameras intended for photographic work - aerial photography, micro photography, photo-recording, etc. and for obtaining special types of photographs - panoramic, stereoscopic and others. Or they have special devices, for example: a butt, which makes it more convenient to take pictures of wild animals (photo hunting), etc.
- Cameras are divided according to the format of the resulting image (medium format, small format, etc.), according to the method of aiming and focusing (scale, rangefinder, mirror, etc.), according to the photographic material or photodetector used (film, plate, with in-camera processing, digital and etc.).